Women's Self-Led Groups as Key to Furthering Gender Equality in STEM

Abstract

The research examines the unique contributions of self-led women’s organisations working to narrow the gender gap in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and  mathematics (STEM) across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The paper focuses on the formation, success, and sustainability of said organisations, particularly in LMICs were women, girls, trans, and non-binary individuals remain significantly underrepresented despite an increase in gender diversity in the field. A qualitative grounded theory approach was applied, conducting in-depth interviews with leaders from twelve self-led groups which emerged in response to personal experiences of discrimination and social identity in STEM and are driven by community-based strategies rather than top-down interventions. Key factors, such as the pivotal roles of external support and self-sufficiency, were explored in relation to contributing to their success, and major challenges, such as long-term sustainability and volunteer dependency, were further identified. By connecting these findings with broader stakeholder roles in STEM gender equality, this study underscores the importance of replicating and supporting such groups to broaden their impact, thereby improving their effectiveness and reach for gender equity initiatives in STEM.